Characteristics of the sample were described by means (standard deviation) and frequency (%). At baseline, two VMS groups – any or none – were compared for group differences in, and associations among, demographics (age, race/ethnicity, education), quality of life (SF-36 score), and clinical characteristics (weight, hip and waist circumference, menopausal status, fat mass, fat free mass, skeletal mass), and VMS was estimated using chi square test (x 2 ) for categorical variables, and Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables. A scatter plot matrix was used to examine linear correlations among variables. For the purposes of modelling, LBM is represented by the SMI variable. Additionally, to account for the nonindependence of longitudinal observations derived from the same woman and data in which the number of observations may differ across women, longitudinal modeling using SAS PROC MIXED incorporated a random intercept term to account for the correlated errors among repeated measures of the same woman. Missing values of time-varying variables were interpolated based on prior and subsequent values for gaps of one to two visits as in previous SWAN analyses . To assess Hstep one, incident VMS was modeled as a function of concurrent LBM using logistic regression analysis. To address H2 regarding long term change in LBM, the model was expanded to add within-woman percent change in LBM since baseline and to address H3, regarding recent change in LBM, the model was expanded to add within-woman percent change in LBM since prior visit (approximately 1 year earlier). The overall association between LBM and VMS was estimated in binary logistic regression models. Statistical analyses were one-tailed with an alpha level of 0.05 and conducted using SAS University Edition (© 2012–2018, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC).
Abilities
At baseline (see 6) there are 2533 members staying in this new SWAN research who have been on average 52 yrs . old and differences in the group functions get into the Table 1. Merely feminine reporting zero symptoms on standard (n = 1179) was in fact used in longitudinal analyses getting VMS having LBM. On head to ten there are 800 women remaining in the study.
At baseline, SMI showed a strong positive correlation to FFMI both for symptoms = none (r0 (864) = 0.931, p Table 2 Association of VMS to lean body mass (Odds Ratios)
Predicted probability of symptoms happening in the given quantities of SMI (modified to own FFMI and you may FMI) in women without VMS at the see six (baseline)
Discussion
Using the data for this large, multiethnic decide to try out-of middle-ages female on SWAN study, we learned that people that have higher relative amounts of LBM was less inclined to build VMS because they transitioned as a result of menopausal. Which impression is seen to be independent from sociodemographic affairs and you may levels of body weight size. On the other hand, since the average period of the participants in our studies improved of 52.0 in order to 56.six many years as well as the level of women that had been postmenopausal increased out-of forty% (letter = 430) during the check out six so you’re able to 72% (letter = 733) within head to ten, our very own data been able to document the brand new path using menopause transition for the majority the fresh new cohort.
Big present studies have focused on the brand new connection off human anatomy mass list (BMI) and you can % body fat that have VMS and has now suggested a confident relationship ranging from broadening Bmi as well as the presence from VMS [29, thirty-two,33,34,thirty five,36]. But not, Body mass index is an awful predictor out-of muscles bulk whilst simply a measure of excess weight and won’t distinguish anywhere between surplus fat size and fat-free size . Our analysis examined the ingredients regarding human body composition and found lean bulk, determined by each other fat free mass and you may skeletal muscle tissue, getting a significant influence on the likelihood of development VMS over the years when you’re nevertheless due to the prospective feeling of pounds mass. A current get across-sectional study of 758 women learned that trunk area slim size is another protective grounds to have average to major menopausal episodes and one VMS was indeed individually associated with higher Bmi and you can fat bulk . The root elements of your relationships between system composition and VMS commonly totally obvious as a result of the partial understanding of the fresh new anatomy of francuske djevojke izlazite mjesto VMS .
